AICE International History 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

The Battle of Adowa in 1896 was a significant conflict during the First Italo-Ethiopian War, and the use of military technology played a crucial role in the outcome. The correct answer, the Maxim gun, is essential to understanding the dynamics of this battle. The Maxim gun, invented in the late 19th century, was the first automatic machine gun and allowed for rapid fire, giving its users a considerable advantage on the battlefield.

Ethiopia, under Emperor Menelik II, successfully acquired several Maxim guns through various means, including diplomatic channels and weapons purchases. This advanced weaponry enabled Ethiopian forces to effectively counter the Italian troops, who were largely reliant on standard rifles and artillery. The presence of these machine guns contributed significantly to the Ethiopian army's ability to inflict heavy casualties on the Italians, demonstrating their effectiveness in modern warfare.

In contrast, while Ethiopia did possess some rifles, artillery, and explosives, these were not as decisive as the Maxim guns in the battle. The combination of strategic leadership, troop mobilization, and the use of machine guns ultimately led to a resounding Ethiopian victory and the successful defense of their sovereignty against Italian colonial ambitions. This event marked a significant moment in the history of African resistance to European colonial